Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory Essay -- Sigmund Freud

Freuds Psychoanalytic TheoryI.Overview of Freuds Psychoanalytic TheoryFreuds psychoanalysis is the best known of all disposition theories because it (1) postulated the primacy of sex and aggressiontwo universally popular themes (2) attracted a group of followers who were dedicated to spreading psychoanalytic doctrine and (3) advanced the notion of unconscious motives, which permit varying explanations for the same observations.II.Biography of Sigmund FreudAlthough he was born in the Czech Republic in 1856 and died in London in 1939, Sigmund Freud spent intimately 80 years of his life in Vienna. A physician who never intended to practice general medicine, Freud was intensely curious about human nature, and in his practice of psychiatry he was perhaps much interested in learning about the unconscious motives of his patients than in curing neuroses. Early in his sea captain career, Freud believed that hysteria was a result of being seduced during childhood by a intimately mature per son, often a parent or other relative. However, in 1897, he abandoned his seduction theory and replaced it with his notion of the Oedipus complex. Some recent scholars have contended that Freuds decision to abandon the seduction theory in raise of the Oedipus complex was a major error and influenced a generation of psychotherapists to interpret patients reports of early sexual abuse as merely childhood fantasies.III.Levels of Mental vivificationFreud saw mental functioning as operating on three levels the unconscious, the preconscious, and the conscious.A. unconscious(p)The unconscious consists of drives and instincts that are beyond awareness but that motivate legion(predicate) of our behaviors. Unconscious drives can become conscious totally in disguised or distorted form, such as dream images, slips of the tongue, or neurotic symptoms. Unconscious processes originate from two sources (1) repression, or the blocking out of anxiety-filled experiences and (2) phylogenetic endow ment, or inherited experiences that lie beyond an individuals personal experience.B. PreconsciousThe preconscious contains images that are not in awareness but that can become conscious either quite easily or with some level of difficulty.C. ConsciousConsciousness is the only level of mental life directly available to us... ...pecially in women. Other research found that people who are orally fixated tend to see their parents more negatively than do people who are less orally fixated.X.Critique of FreudFreud regarded himself as a scientist, but many present-day critics consider his methods to be outdated, unscientific, and permeated with sexual bias. On the six criteria of a useful theory, we rated psychoanalysis high on its ability to generate research, very low on its falsifiability, and average on organizing knowledge, steer action, and being parsimonious. Because it lacks operational definitions, we rated psychoanalysis low on internal consistency.XI.Concept of HumanityFreuds view of humanity was deterministic and pessimistic. He also emphasise causality over teleology, unconscious determinants over conscious processes, and biology over culture, but he took a middle position on the dimension of singularity versus similarities among people.BIBLIOGRAPHYPsychCrawler (American Psychological Association)Online.Psychological Online Documents (Psychologisches Institut der Univ. Bonn)Online.PSYCline Links to Psychological Journals (Armin Gnther)Online.

Developing a Business Website Essay -- Business Management Studies Ess

stickment a Business Web directDeveloping a Business Website Simulation AnalysisDeveloping a avocation website is a much more complex task than exactlybuying some servers and hosting a site. There are a strain of issuesthat arise that must be addressed in order to ensure that your websiteis not only functional but is actually of use to your customer to differentiate yourself from the competition. In the world of onlinetrading the vendor must consider how the features of the site aregenerated, offering free or pay for services, and determining thefunctionalities that the customer entrust require. In working with thecompany budget, Primus Securities exit need to make particular proposition decisionsabout the sites features and services to direct new and existingcustomers to the website.The conquest of this venture will center on the brand and the consumerperception of the brand. The features that will be implemented mustextend the brand at each material body of improvement and make the customersexperience a safe, reliable trading source that presents to differentiateitself from the competition. All feature selections and siteenhancements must be done with the advise of improving customerinteraction and the perception of the Primus brand to it current andfuture customers.Site FeaturesTo offer the consumer the level of features they require, Primus mustdetermine whether to hire a set of dedicated professionals oroutsourcing these functions. There are pros and cons to eachscenario but ultimately a decision must be made to set the frameworkfor the site. If the company chooses to hire a supporting facultydedicated to installing and maintaining these features, they willincur the added fixed expense of salary, benefits, equipment, and so on Although there an added expense of hiring the staff, they will able toserve in multiple support roles such as installing the stock bannerand the portfolio ticker. This is not simply a monetary decisionwhere the company s hould consider which option offers the lowest costsince this investment will determine how quickly the turnaround forenhancements and improvement will be made. The company must alsoconsider that there will be future upgrades and changes and it may bein its interests to have an internal staff to be held accountable andthat can be focused on the priority tasks as det... ...xtremely beneficial. Not only should these ads be placed in industryspecific sites like CBS Marketwatch.com, but Primus could also seekout popular investment message boards and forums and sponsor thesite. By sponsoring the site, Primus could have banner ad placementand develop an appreciation from the potential customers that arebenefiting from the investment. This may help to generate goodwilland generate some discussion on the site.ConclusionAny new business venture can expect a slow start and may not turn aprofit for some time. The key to establishing a victorious neweBusiness venture is to create a good and un ique website, adequatelymarketing that site to potential consumers, and consistently reviewingand enhancing the site to meet customer necessitate and new trends in themarketplace. Primus was able to turn its venture profitable in arelatively short period of time by created a site that centered aroundthe customer, working within its budget to enhance features that addedvalue, and effectively utilizing resources (i.e. Staff, Financial) togenerate the website.ReferencesRayport-Jawprski. (2003). Introduction to e-Commerce. McGraw-Hill

Free Essays: Destructive Competition Exposed in Cantors Dilemma :: Cantors Dilemma Essays

Destructive Competition Exposed in Cantors Dilemma   Competition is often usable as a means of motivation. However, in the scientific world, competition has the potential to cause many scientists to forget their main purpose in research. The main culture of scientific research is to develop knowledge that will better society. When scientists work together to help each other reach a common goal, perception is working as it should. However, with so much competition to be the best scientist, make the most money, and possibly win the Nobel Prize, it is difficult for scientists to sh ar ideas. Many scientists are very secretive. Carl Djerassi, a world famous scientist, describes this competition in his fictional novel, Cantors Dilemma. In his novel, he demonstrates the secrecy that competition encourages when two scientists, Cantor and Stafford, complete an fundamental experiment. Cantor does not want to publish the full experimental details right away. He explains, No, Id like to string this out a bit. Just a preliminary communication first, without the experimental details, so that nobody can jump on the bandwagon right away. Scientists are very concerned with the idea that another scientist whitethorn get hold of their work and claim it as his or her own. In Cantors Dilemma, Cantor decides to which journal he will send his manuscript based on his prior knowledge of referees. Referees review the experiment and pass it along to other scientists for verification of the results. He did not want an American referee to leak the news. Therefore, he sent the manuscript to London where an American referee would not have the opportunity to see the article. Many scientists adopt other peoples ideas as their own. Surprisingly, this often happens unintentionally. Djerassi describes countenance requests in Cantors Dilemma. When a grant request is sent in, most of the people on the review board are the scientists competition. Since they are dealing with ideas and not complete work, the review board has the opportunity to steal ideas. Cantor describes that, Members of the review board cant help but remember what they read, and after a while, say a few months or even weeks later, they forget where they first saw it and gradually they think its their own idea. For this reason, most scientists do not give many details when they are applying for a grant. Competition also can influence a scientist into producing fraudulent results.

Introduction to Fiction Final Paper :: English Literature Essays

Introduction to Fiction Final PaperIntroductionI will try to show that Fenstads mother is going with a changeduring this story. At first she is described as a strong independentwoman very active social in lead of things. She is not acceptingthings as they are she tries to change the things that seem wrong toher. However, gradually we are starting to see her as an old woman whohates her age. A woman, who has a hard time excepting her age and allthe downsides of it, a woman whose physical condition is parallel toher mental and emotional state, who needs help doing things which juvenile people do without any effort. It seems that during the storyFenstad and his mother change places. Once he was dependent on her andnow gradually we see that she is more and more dependent of her son.Fenstads mother is gradually going through the process of acceptingher age and the changes she is going trough consequently. It isdifficult for her at first however at long last she stops beingpreoccupied with the past and what she once was. She comes to termswith her life and learns to appreciate and enjoy the little (simple)pleasures of life, like music. The name of this fiction story isFenstads stick, the record book mother is written with a capital letterwhich sometimes can mean a woman in charge of some community. Thisdescription is equal for her character as it is described at thebeginning of the story. Clara Fenstads going to her sons class,meeting the people that took this class, listening to them and beingloved and appreciated by them helps her through this period. unitary ofthis people influenced her very much and was responsible for one ofthe various changes she went through. The fact that Fenstads motherlearned to accept him as he made them closer and happier.Fenstads MotherAt the beginning of the story Fenstads mother is shown like a strongand active woman. She is very much involved in the things that happenaround her. She is reformist and social. Fenstads mother wa s alife long social progressive (p.115). She is not taking seriouslyher sons churchgoing, was amused by her sons churchgoing. She hadspent her life in the lodge of rebels and deviationists, and sherecognized all their styles. (p.115). She is very logical andattentive, She glanced down at his trousers, damped with melted snow.Youve been skating (p.116) she is aware of her sons habits, butnot necessary approves of them. She sneers her sons behavior andlooking for slips in it.

Macbeth A Character Analysis O :: essays research papers

A Character Analysis of Lady Macbeth&8220What&8217s done apprisenot be undoneThis is what Lady Macbeth said to her husband when he returned from murdering King Duncan. The statement is subtle and explains her way of thinking. Although Lady Macbeth is not completely evil-minded, she does play a big part as the antagonist in Shakespeare&8217s Macbeth. Lady Macbeth is a cold, heartless, and deceitful character. What did she get for organism evil?Shakespeare did not supply us with much solid information about Lady Macbeth&8217s outward appearance. Context clues are all that can be used to assume what she looks like. Examples of context clues are her manner of speaking, actions, and the surrounding characters&8217 actions. Lady Macbeth often stave hastily and interrupted. She is a cold, two-faced woman who resorts to going through extremes to get her way. Lady Macbeth also assisted Macbeth in the murder of King Duncan by s tumefyed him the idea of killing the King. In scene 1-5 Macbet h addressed his lady as his &8220dearest partner of greatness. He might have meant that he sees her as his catch in authority. Most people see people in power and authority as being solid characters. Lady Macbeth might have been a solidly built woman, perhaps brunette, and elegantly dressed, for her husband was of importance and they probably were higher in the social ladder.Through her actions and words, Lady Macbeth&8217s personality can be summed up in one word deceitful. She would have done anything to get her way and made sure to do so. In act 1-7 she verbalise that she easily would have killed her own baby if she promised to do so. She is not trustworthy of anyone but her husband, if that. If it weren&8217t for her, many murders would not have taken place. She was the driving pull out is Macbeth&8217s reasoning and his added to his downfall. Knowing now her personality traits and assumed physical traits, it&8217s clear how they fit together. Although she hid it well, any sus pecting character could have very well seen the ice in her eyes. Lady Macbeth did not radiate kindness from her appearance because that was not what she felt inside. Her amoral motives showed in her body language, for a truly innocent being would be graceful and could never harm another with such ease.

Macbeth A Character Analysis O :: essays research papers

A Character Analysis of maam Macbeth&8220What&8217s done cannot be undoneThis is what Lady Macbeth say to her husband when he returned from murdering fag Duncan. The statement is subtle and explains her way of thinking. Although Lady Macbeth is not completely evil-minded, she does play a big part as the opposer in Shakespeare&8217s Macbeth. Lady Macbeth is a cold, heartless, and deceitful character. What did she get for being evil?Shakespeare did not supply us with much solid information intimately Lady Macbeth&8217s outward appearance. Context clues are all that can be used to assume what she looks like. Examples of context clues are her manner of speaking, actions, and the surrounding characters&8217 actions. Lady Macbeth often spoke hastily and interrupted. She is a cold, two-faced woman who resorts to going through extremes to get her way. Lady Macbeth also assisted Macbeth in the murder of King Duncan by giving him the idea of killing the King. In scene 1-5 Macbeth address ed his lady as his &8220dearest partner of greatness. He expertness submit meant that he sees her as his equal in authority. Most people see people in power and authority as being solid characters. Lady Macbeth might have been a solidly built woman, perhaps brunette, and elegantly dressed, for her husband was of importance and they probably were higher in the social ladder.Through her actions and words, Lady Macbeth&8217s personality can be summed up in one word deceitful. She would have done anything to get her way and made sure to do so. In act 1-7 she stated that she easily would have killed her own baby if she promised to do so. She is not trustworthy of anyone but her husband, if that. If it weren&8217t for her, many murders would not have taken place. She was the driving force is Macbeth&8217s reasoning and his added to his downfall. Knowing now her personality traits and assumed physical traits, it&8217s clear how they fit together. Although she hid it well, any suspecting character could have very well seen the ice in her eyes. Lady Macbeth did not radiate kindness from her appearance because that was not what she felt inside. Her amoral motives showed in her body language, for a unfeignedly innocent being would be graceful and could never harm another with such ease.